Endocrine Abstracts

Background: MiNEN are a rare histological subgroup defined by the association of at least two morphologically different neoplastic components, including one neuroendocrine. The diagnosis and therapeutic management of MiNEN is considered challenging resulting from the rarity and heterogeneity of this subgroup.Case: We present the case of a 68-year-old Caucasian male who attended the emergency department with symptomatic hypoglycaemia on a background of po...

Background: The lack of relevant in-vivo and in-vitro models has precluded investigations of the pathophysiology of metastatic NENs. Organotypic tumour slices retain the complexity of tumours in-vivo without extensive manipulation of the tissue. The aims of this study are to understand the utility of precision cut slice technology to develop an immunocompetent model of metastatic GEP NENs to test new therapeutics and elucidate immunological, molecula...

Accumulating evidence suggests that the immunological landscape plays a key role in the progression of neuroendocrine liver metastases (LM-NENs), which is often characterised by immune cell infiltration. Anti-tumour functions of infiltrating lymphocytes are often silenced through hyper-expression of inhibitory checkpoint receptors (CRs) such as PD-1, but favourable outcomes with anti-PD-1 therapy have been low. Recently, functional soluble (cell-free) CRs beyond PD-1 have been...